札记 - 莎士比亚剧作略览

yearshappy

由The Tudors http://www.freeoz.org/ibbs/thread-1006293-1-1.html
扩展到莎士比亚 Shakespeare
这段时间就集中看先看这两本

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yearshappy

Romeo and Juliet

http://nfs.sparknotes.com/romeojuliet/page_4.html (莎士原文和现代英语一一对应)

此剧正如中国的 ‘红楼梦’， 不同的年龄看到的是不同的故事

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yearshappy

Characters

Romeo - at age of 17
Montague - father
Lady Montague - mother
Benvolio - cousin
Mercutio - close friend
Abrajam and Balthasar - servants

Juliet - age of 13
Capulet - father
Lady Capulet - mother
Nurse - nurse
Tybalt - cousin
Paris - intend to marry with Juliet
Sampson, Gregory, Peter - servants

Prince - kinsman with Mercutio and Paris

Friar Lawrence / Friar John

The Apothecary

The Chorus - narrator

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yearshappy

Act Summaries

Act One
Scene 1
Montague and Capulet, servants from the two families, are fighting at the street. Prince breaks them up.
Romeo, the only son of the Montague, is in love with a girl who vowed to be a virgin. Romeo is sad and depressed because of it.
Scene 2
Peter could not read and seeks help from Romeo.
Benvolio encourages Romeo to go to the ball to forget about his unrequited love.
Scene 3
The mother of Juliet asks her daughter to try to like Paris, a handsome man, telling Juliet that she herself married at very young age.
Scene 4
Benvolio, Romeo and Mercutio are talking about the party and dreams.
Romeo gets a bad feeling that going to the party may end with his death.
Scene 5
Capulet tells Tybalt to calm down when they finds out that Romeo is in their ball, saying that Romeo has a reputation as a well-behaved young man in the town.
Romeo meets Juliet and falls in love with her at first sight. He thinks his eyes lied to him before. Juliet is the true beauty.

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yearshappy

Act Two

Prologue
Romeo is in love again - both of them falling for each others' good looks. The girl is supposed to be his enemy and has been hooked by someone she should fear.

Scene 1
Benvolio and Mercutio are looking for Romeo.

Scene 2
Romeo and Juliet swear to be lovers and will marry tomorrow morning.
Quotes:
'Oh, Romeo, Romeo, why do you have to be Romeo? ' saying Juliet at the balcony.
Just call me your love, and I will take a new name - Romeo
In truth, handsome Montague, I like you too much - Juliet
I would be satisfied if we made each other true promises of love - Romeo
.. you can pass on a message telling me where and when we'll be married...- Juliet

Scene 3
Though Friar Lawrence is shocked to know that Romeo gives up so quickly on Rosaline, he is going to help Romeo marry Juliet. He thinks this marriage may be lucky enough to turn the hatred between the two families into pure love.
Quotes
Friar Lawrence - There are two opposite elements in everything, in men as well as in herbs - good and evil.
Friar Lawrence - You can't expect women to be faithful when men are so unreliable.
Friar Lawrence - you were acting like you were in love wihtout knowing what love means.
Friar Lawrence - Go wisely and slowly. Those who rush stumble and fall.  

Scene 4
Mercutio is talking to Romeo and Benvolio. His language is full of offensive sexcual innuendo.
Nurse comes to look for Romeo. Romeo tells the Nurse the plan, Juliet goes to Friar Lawrence's cell and makes confession and be married. Within an hour, a rope ladder will help Romeo to climb over the walls at night to meet Juliet in secret.

Scene 5
Nurse tells Juliet to hurry up and rush over to Friar Lawrence's cell.

Scene 6
Romeo and Juliet both are secretly united in marriage at Friar Lawrence's cell.
Quotes
Lawrence - These sudden joys have sudden endings.
Lawrence - too much honey is delicious, but it makes you sick to your stomach.
Lawrence - Love each other in moderation. This is the key to long-lasting love. Too fast is as bad as too slow.

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yearshappy

Act Three

Scene 1
Benvolio does not want to go outside so as to aviod getting into a fight with the Capulets.
Mercutio doesen't care and seems in a mood ready to fight.
Tybalt challenges Romeo but with no return. Mercutio draws his sword saying 'Tybalt, you rat-catcher, will you fight me?'
Romeo tells Benvolio to beat down the two fighers' weapons.
Tybalt stabs Mercutio and Mercutio dies. Romeo kills Tybalt.
Price announces that Romeo is exiled from Verona.

Scene 2
Juliet, Romeo's wife of three hours, gets the news that his cousin was killed by Romeo.

Scene 3
Romeo feels tortured by sending away from Juliet. Friar Lawrence tries to comfort him with philosophy.
Nurse tells Friar Lawrence and Romeo that Juliet is so painfull that weeps and weeps and falls down.
Lawrence gives a long talk to Romeo not to kill himself. Romeo gets the ring from Juliet.

Scene 4
Sir Capulet makes a decision that Paris will marry Juliet On Thursday.

Scene 5
Juliet and Romeo kiss then Romeo drops the ladder and goes down.
Lady Capulet tells her daughter to marry Paris and plans to kill Romeo.
Juliet refuses to marry Paris. The parents gets rage.
Capulet calls his own daughter, you little bug! You worthless girl! You pale face!You disobedient wretch!
Juliet thinks about to take her own life if Lawrence has no solution to it.
Quotes
Capulet - 'my top priority has always been to find Juliet a husband. Now Paris is from a noble family, has good-looking, young, well-educated, full of of good qualities....you can beg, starve, and die in the streets. I swear on my soul, I will never take you back or do anything for you.'

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 23:21 编辑 ]

yearshappy

Act 4
Scene 1
Paris acts as a husband of Juliet when he meets her. Friar Lawrence gives Juliet a vial and tells her of drinking sleeping potion.
Scene 2
Capulet is working on the wedding preparation for the next day.
Scene 3
Juliet thinks about the concequeces of drinking from the vial. Then she makes the decision to drink it and falls on her bed.
Scene 4
Capulet has been working on the wedding for all night long. Paris is coming with music. The nurse is being told to wake up Juliet and get her dressed.
Scene 5
Nurse says Juliet is dead. The parents are in great pain. The wedding is now going to be a funeral.

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 20:25 编辑 ]

yearshappy

Act 5
1, Balthasar, Romeo's servant, brings the death news to Romeo. Romeo buys potion from the apothecary in Mantua.
2, The letter of Friar Lawrence is not sent to Romeo.
3, Paris is placing flowers on Juliet's tomb while Romeo is coming to the graveyard. They both fight and Paris dies. Romeo drinks the potion and dies. Juliet wakes up from the tomb, seeing Romeo is dead and stabs herself with Romeo's dagger and dies. Romeo's mother died for the pain of losing son. The two families are settled in peace.

yearshappy

最聪明懂世故的人是 Lawrence
莎士比亚通过他的口，说出了很多至今仍是充满哲理的句子
他想通过两个孩子的婚姻来评定两家的仇恨，可是百密一疏，这封致命的信没有到达 Romeo 手里。

Romeo 和 Juliet，17岁和13岁，
两个名望家庭的独生子女
一个先是爱 Rosaline 死去活来的，（一出场，就是一个问题少年）， 在见到 Juliet 之后，立刻忘记旧爱的少年郎，
一个是 见到 Romeo 一两小时就发誓相爱并求结婚的花季少女
两个大谈处女贞操和相貌的热血 teens
Love？ 是 Lust （欲望）？是少年荷尔蒙作用 ？
（可作为很好的论文题材）

6人死亡
Mercutio - 被 Tybalt 所杀，算是为两家积仇怨恨而亡
Tybalt - 被 Romeo 刺死，算是 Romeo行‘道义’，一命偿一命
Romeo - 喝毒倒下，为爱Juliet弃生
Juliet - 自刺而死，为爱Romeo
Romeo的妈妈，病郁而亡，为丧失了唯一的孩子
Paris - 在于Romeo战中而亡，那个年代的标准好人

两家族关系
戏中没有直接两家主人的冲突和仇恨言语，街斗都是发生在为两家服务人员和 下一代年轻人之间

yearshappy

电影版本列举

1968 版本，Romeo and Juliet, 导演 Franco Zeffirelli
情节最与原著接近

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yearshappy

Othello

Act One Scene 1-3
Act Two Scene 1-3
Act Three Scene 1-4
Act Four Scene 1-3
Act Five Scene 1,2

Characters

Othello - protagonist and hero, a respected general of the millitery of Venice, committed suicide
Desdemona - wife of Othello, daughter of the Venetian senator Brabantio, murdered by Othello

Iago - villain of the play, 28 years old, positioned as Othello's ensigh
Emillia - wife of Iago, Destemona's attendant, killed by Iago

Cassio - young, highly educated, newly promoted lieutenant of Othello
Bianca - prostitute in Cyprus,, her favorite customer is Cassio

Roderigo - young, rich, foolish, killed by Iago

Duke of Venice - the official authority in Venice
Montano - the governor of Cyprus before Othello

[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 26-7-2012 22:51 编辑 ]

yearshappy

Summaries

Act One

Scene 1
Roderigo has been paying Iago to get Desdemona for him.
Iago reveals that he shows the false loyalty and affection towards Othello so as to get what he wants. He wants to be Othello's lieutenant replacing Cassio who has no hand-on knowledge of warfare. He believes there are two types of servants. The ones who are really looking out for themselves will get rich and be their own masters. He is not who he appears to be.
They both irritate Desdemona's father and try to spread rumors about Othello.

racist quots
Roderigo - thick-lips , odd-even dull watch
Iago - old black ram, Barbary(北非伊斯兰教区) horse

yearshappy

Act One

2, Duke sends Cassio to look for Othello for the warfare of Cyprus. Brabantio finds Othello and accuses him of stealing his daughter.

Racist quot from Brabantio
sooty bosom of such a thing as thou - to fear, not to delight

3, The Turkish fleet is approaching Cyprus. Duke is going to send Othello to fight the Turks. Othello tells the people how he wooed Destemona. He leaves his wife to the 'trustworthy' Iago.
Iago asks Roderigo to sell all his assets and land - getting money from fools. He gets a new plan.

Racist quot from Brabantio
She, fall in love with what she feared to look on

yearshappy

原帖由 Serin 于 27-7-2012 23:38 发表

                               
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我在人人影视随便逛时看到这部片子，年乐你看过没？
空王冠,The Hollow Crown,第1季连载中,英国,,资源下载,中文字幕下载,连载,YYeTs 人人影视

真好的网页，谢谢Serin分享
我还没看其历史剧呢，看过学者们的正史，再看莎士的创作应该非常有趣， 得空一定看看


近日抽空看其悲剧，感叹莎士比亚怎么那么看透世事人情
原想多读中国古文的璀璨精华，现在看来，莎士比亚作品可有等同作用

yearshappy

在图书馆巧遇这本书，
就止不住想先读这个



感觉很有帮助，也和自己的一些心得对上号了
享受呢

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yearshappy

原帖由 yearshappy 于 27-7-2012 21:02 发表

                               
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Act One

2, Duke sends Cassio to look for Othello for the warfar of Cyprus. Brabantio finds Othello and accuses him of stealing his daughter.

Racist quot from Brabantio
sooty bosom of such a th ...

Act Two
Scene 1
Cassio's fine minner of greeting women triggers off Iago's revenge plan.
Before Othello arrives in Cyprus, Iago gives a critical speech about women, showing that he is very sexist. He does not have any respect towards females.
The war's over as Turks are drowned in the mountainous waves.
From Iago's point of view, Cassio is good looking/ polite/smooth and Othello is hot tempered.

Scene 2,3
To celebrate the victory and Othello's marriage, there'll be a feast in Cyprus. Cassio is told to keep a careful eye on the guards and not let the party get too wild. Iago got Cassio drunk and got him into a fight. Cassio therefore lost his position.


（I can't see ..., either in the bay or on the occean
the water's rough / mountainous waves / stormy sea
deep-rooted problem
self-restraint / restrain yourself / self-control / lose their minds
pathetic = useless, unsuccessful, badly done that they annoy you
street brawler ）

yearshappy

Act Three

Scene 1,2, 3, 4
Iago sets all the scenes to make Othello suspects his wife and Cassio. Othello questions his marriage for the first time in Scene 3. He self doubts his skin colour, manners and old age. (P151)
The handkerchief, symbol of love between the couple, falls to the floor.
Othello admits that he gets lost, saying his career is over in Scene 3. By the end of this scene he has made the decision to kill 'that beautiful devil'.
Iago is now the lieutenant of Othello.
Othello desperately asks Desdermona for the handkerchief.
Cassio finds the handkerchief in his room and then happens to ask Bianca to copy the embroidery pattern on it for him.

(We achieve things with our intelligence, not by magic
Intelligent planning takes time
in my judgment
Iago knows a lot about human behaviour
Aren't you a rational human being?  Don't you have any sense at all? )

yearshappy

Act Four

Scene 1
Iago manipulates the 'affair' between Cassio and Desdemona in details. This makes Othello trembling and then he falls into a trance. Not soon after, Othello misunderstands Cassio's smiles, gestures, and jokes about the prostitute Bianca. This is all under the control of Iago.

Scene 2
Othello doesn't get the 'truth' from Emilia who gives a very positive comment on the honest and faithful lady, Desdemona. The true and loyal wife is stunned while her husband's accusing her of a whore.
Roderigo finds out Iago's tricks, telling him that he couldn't take it any longer.

Scene 3
Desdemona says to Emilia in her bedroom that she loves Othello even when he's harsh and mean. She couldn't get the song of death out of her head. Singing the death song she falls asleep.

yearshappy

Act Five

Scene 1
Iago tells Roderogo to be bold and get ready to kill Cassio. Iago stabs Cassio in the leg during the night fight and kills Roderogo afterwards. Othello is encouraged by 'brave Iago' saying that he will kill the whore wife.
Emilia swears to Bianca 'Oh, fie upon thee, strumpet(Go to hell, you whore)!'
'I am no strumpet, but of life as honest as you that thus abuse me (I'm no whore. I'm as moral as you are)' Bianca responds.

Scene 2
Desdemona is waking up while Othello enters the bedroom with a candle. Othello accuses her of giving the handkerchief to Cassio and having sex with him. Desdemona is begging that let her say one prayer. She doesn't achieve this and Othello smothers her. Then he closes the bed curtains, going to unlock the door for Emilia.
While they are talking, Emillia hears the crying from the bed. Desdemona answers to Emilia that she killed herself to protect her husband from murdering. Desdemona dies.
Othello confesses that he killed his wife to Emilia.
Emillia realises that her husband, Iago, has a malicious soul rotted in hell. She's killed by her husband.
Othello stabs himself and dies when he knows the truth.
Iago is sent to prison.

4 deaths in OTHELLO because of weakness of human beings

yearshappy

这两大悲剧作品看下来，最喜欢奥赛罗

罗密欧与朱丽叶
两大家族仆人们不断的街斗；两个少年懵懂的性意识冲动发展到最后的极端悲剧
。
。
。
奥赛罗这个剧包含的内容太多了
最精彩的角色塑造就是 Iago ， 此角色集中了人的复杂性以及人性中的弱点。 此类人， 通透人性，极尽拨弄是非之能事，最终达到自己的目的。
Roderigo，富有的，简单无知的乡村年轻人
几位背景完全不同的女性，各自具有典型的性格特色：那个年代的乖乖女好妻子，具有独立意识的宁死也求真相，为爱而做梦的妓女。。。

北非黑人由于其非凡的战绩做了统帅 General
提拔了Cassio做他的手下第二位 Lieutenant
从而引起了第三位置的 Ensigh ， 也就是Iago的嫉妒， 之后是一系列人性弱点的大暴露。。。。。。。。。


所有的人物，仍然活灵活现今天这个时代。

yearshappy

被认为最早出版的剧本封面

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yearshappy

影视列举

1981年版本
奥赛罗最后一戏
莎士比亚语言，Act Five Scene 2 Line 354



[ 本帖最后由 yearshappy 于 18-12-2012 15:32 编辑 ]

yearshappy

1995 版本， 真正黑人扮演的奥赛罗
最后一幕戏 视频

Act 5 Scene 2  
Line 261 Emilia 哼唱着那首死亡的歌曲，死在Desdemona床边
Line 354 Othello 最后的一剧，戏词同上
莎士比亚语言






以上剧中人物都是说莎士比亚时期的语言， 这对英语不是母语的人群来说是个障碍，
所以事先熟读剧本，就会获得一些享受。
也许很多英语世界的人们对莎士比亚语言的迷恋和推崇，使得严肃些的文学作品依然没有更其为现代英语。

yearshappy

上次论坛改版后，帖子里的图片全部变大了。不再一一改小。

yearshappy

Macbeth                         麦克白斯

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yearshappy

Characters

Macbeth - a Scottish general and a nobility of eastern Scotland. He is a powerful man but not virtuous and to fufill his ambitions, he starts to commit crimes.
Lady Macbeth - the wife of Macbeth. She is the critical figure in murdering the King Duncan. However, she falls victim to guilt and madness to such a greater degree that she commits suicide.

King Duncan - the good king of Scotland and the model of a virtuous, benevolent ruler.
Malcolm - The oldest son of King Duncan, fled to England after his father's murder. supposed to be the King after Macbeth
Donalbain - King Duncan's younger son, escaped to Ireland

Hecate - the goddess of witchcraft
The three witches - By applying charms, spells and prophecies, together with Hecate the three mysterious hags plot mischief on Macbeth

Banquo - a brave noble general, murdered by Macbeth
Fleance - the son of Banquo, fled away the attempt of murdering. Presumably, he may come to rule Scotland to fulfill the witches' prophecy.

Macduff - a scottish nobleman who eventually helps Malcolm to unseat Macbeth
Lennox, Ross, Angus, Menteith, Caithness - Scottish noblemen
Siward - general of the English forces

Seyton - Macbeth's servant and attendant
Doctor - Lady Macbeth's doctor
Gentlewoman - Lady Macbeth's caretaker
Porter - gatekeeper at Macbeth's castle

three murderers

yearshappy

Scene summaries

Act one

S1
The three witches meet in thunder and lighting. Plan to meet Macbeth in an open field before sunset. 'Fair is foul, and foul is fair.'
S2
King Duncan hears of all the stories about the brave Mecbeth, told by Captain and Ross (a nobleman) .
The thane of Cawder, a disloyal traitor, will be excuted whereas Macbeth will be given all his titles by the King Duncan.

开场的几个幕与奥赛罗相似， 英雄人物出场前，都是他人述说其勇士行为，铺垫人物悲剧或者复杂性的开始

S3
On the way that the witches are going to meet Macbeth, the first witch is telling a story of hers. As a sailor's wife refused to give her chestmuts, the witch is going to make the sailor's journey miserable and drain the life out of him after 81 weeks.

The witches' prophecy to Macbeth
- Hail to you, thane of Glamis
- Hail to you, thane of Cawdor
- All hail, Macbeth, the future king!
their prophecy to Banquo
- Your descendants will be kings

Ross brings the news to Macbeth that King Dunan will make him the thane of Cawdor.
Two of the prediction come true to Macbeth. 'I find myself thinking about murdering Kind Duncan, a thought so horrifying that it makes my hair stand on end and my heart pound inside my chest..'   (Macbeth knows right from the beginning that he is going to do wrong, terribly wrong)
To Banquo, he keeps his mind clear. He knows 'Evils earn our trust by telling the truth about little things, but then they betray us when it will damage us the most.'
两个同样雄心壮志的勇士对待女巫的预言，反应截然不同，也因此导致两人的未来路不同

S4
"There's no way to read a man's mind by looking at his face. I trusted Cawdor completely" quoted from Duncan.
King announces that he will bestow the kingdom on his eldest son. To become king Macbeth himself, he now decides to step over the son of King Duncan. 'I won't let my eye look at what my hand is doiing, but in the end I'm still going to do that thing I'd be horrified to see.'
Macbeth 不相信自己可以做坏事，但依然决定去做

S5
Lady Macbeth learns all about the prophecy of the three witches from her husband's letter before the king coming to their castle.
She told her husband that the night would change every night and day for the rest of their lives. She asks Macbeth to disguise his real feelings and to project a peaceful mood so that suspicion won't be aroused.
"You should look like an innocent flower, but be like the snake that hides underneath the flower." 夫人似乎更决绝恶毒而无良性

S6
King Duncan arrives in the castle of Macbeth and meets Lady Macbeth.

S7
'We can't go on with this plan (assassination of Duncan),' said Macbeth to his wife,  worrying about the failure and a trace of guilty of conscience.
'We will lay all the blames on the drunken servants,' comforts her husband and urges him to carry on with the plan.
Macbeth "Now I'm decided, and I will exert every muscle in my body to commit this crime."

yearshappy

Act 2

S1
The king is asleep and Macbeth is going to kill him.
"The more I talk, the more my courage cools." quote of Macbeth

S2
Lady Macbeth put so many drugs in the servants' drinks that no one can tell if they are alive or dead.
Macbeth looks at his bloody hands, saying "This is a sorry sight."
"Why couldn't I say Amen? I desperately needed God's blessing, but the word Amen stuck in my throat,"Macbeth told this to his wife after the murdering.
'Macbeth has murdered sleep, and therefore Macbeth will sleep no more. '

S3
To his horror, Macduff discovers that the king was murdered in Macbeth's castle. The nobemen are going to meet in the hall, while the two sons of Duncan make decision that they are going to English and Ireland to escape from danger.

S4
The servants were killed by Macbeth for accusing of King's murders. Ross is the only person to question the motivation for servants in doing so. The sons of the king who had run away were taken the blame.
Macbeth has already been named King and is waiting for the crown in Scone.

In Line 31, the word Scone has captal S in it. It's not any quick-bread kind but refer to the village in Scotland where once all crown had been held on the stone of Scone.

yearshappy

Act three

S1
Macbeth is now the King of Scotland. He worries about his kindship taken away by Banquo's son as the witches' prophet. Macbeth also believes that Banquo has the wisdom to act bravely but also safely. He is not afraid of anyone else but Banquo.
He asks Banquo for exactly what he will do and where he will be this afternoon.
He then calls two murderers in and urges them to kill Banquo.

S2
Lady Macbeth tries to comfort his husband. 'What's done is done,' in another words is that's it; whereas Macbeth thinks bad deeds force you to commit more bad deeds. He is anxious to call the night coming quickly so that the murderers can tear up Banquo's lease on life.
To help understanding the word LEASE, I would say - We all have our lease on life. Once you've done your lease, you say goodbye to the earth.

S3
The 3rd murderer joins the other two. Banquo dies while his son, Fleance, ran away.
The three muerderers fail in half of their mission.

S4
At the banquet
Seeinng the ghost of Banquo, Macbeth acts so strangely to others that his wife has to cover for him, telling the lords not to pay attention to Macbeth. Nevertheless, Macbeth is determined to go the worse about what's going to happen.

Below quotations help me learn how Macbeth was portrayed by Shakespare
quote - I have walked so far into this river of blood that even if I stopped now, it would be as hard to go back to being good as it is to keep killing people.
quote - My strange self-delusions just come from inexperince. We're still just beginners when it comes to crime.

the description that I could learn from
solid as a piece of marble, firm as a rock, free as the air

S5
The three witches meet Hecate - the goddess of witchcraft - to trick Macbeth with illusions because Macbeth behaves like a spoiled brat, angry and hateful,  and with chasing after what he wants he doesn't care about anything else.

quote - Overconfidence is man's greatest enermy.

S6
Lennox has suspicions on Macbeth who killed the two servants while they were still drunk that they had no chance to say anything. The country is suffering under a tyrant!

yearshappy

Act Four

S1
The witches put all the ingredients into a bubbling cauldron to make the charm.
Macbeth comes to demand the witches and appraritions to foretell him of his future.
The messengers brought the news to Macbeth that Macduff has fled to England.

Let's see what will happen to the prophets of the apparitions on Macbeth in this scene.
- 'Nobday born from a woman will  ever harm Macbeth.'
- 'Macbeth will never be defeated until Birnam Wood marches to fight him at Dunsinane Hill.'

S2
Ross considers Macduff of a noble, wise and judicious man who understands what the times require. Things in Scotland have to stop.
Lady Macduff blames her running away husband lacking the natural insitnct to protect his family.
Ross says to her to pull herself together in the absence of her husband.
The son of Macduff, a little boy, is killed by the murderer while the Lady crying out is off the stage.

S3
Malcolm is now prudent and testing if Macduff is a trustworthy and honourable man.
Doctor talks King Edward's healing touch is a miracle ----- indicates so called Great Plague hitting the entire England in 1665 caused by rates?
Macduff is told that his wife, children and servants were all slaughtered.
Malcolm encourages the grievous man to turn his anger to sharpen his sword.
Macduff can't wait to face to face with Macbeth.